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Information on villages around Dolní Lukavice
A huge village, situated in the valley by the river Úhlava about 3 km north from Přeštice.
Lukavice is first recorded as of 1216, related in writing to Štěpán, in 1243 and 1245 brothers Bohuchval and Vitla, the name Vitla is recorded in documents dating back to 14
th
century as well. In Lukavice there was a residence of his brother Wilman, his widow Zdeňka appointed in 1366 Vitla as a new parish priest in Lukavice. In 1379 he Vojslav becomes a holder of Lukavice and a certain Otík had half of a piece of land here. For this period most of documents refers to the local church and taking office in a parish. In 1423 the fort was held by Jan of Talmberk, patron of the church was that time Štěpán of Lukavice.
Referring to the Roll of Assessment 1654 the estate belonged to Otto Jiří of Helverssen and there were 7 peasants and 6 cottagers and also one Jew in the village. According to the Theresian cadastre there were a hundred years later 23 farmers, a manorial mill with 3 wheels and a stamp and 4 Jews (a tailor, a peddler, a feathers, linen and tobacco dealer) here, the serfs complained to the commissars about extreme load with manorial labour. This was just when Lukavice was held by
František earl of Morzin, who had built a vast baroque chateau here as a main residence of the spreading dominion. In 1780 Karel Josef earl of Morzín sold the whole dominion to Karel Bedřich earl of Hatzfeld, performing those days a post of the state Home Office. In the years 1758 - 1760 a chateau bandmaster was famous Josef Haydn. 14 years later the chateau was bought by Hugo Damián earl of Schönborn, who made an entail here in 1811. His successor Bedřich Karel bought in addition in 1818 a Lužany estate. The last feudal holder thereof was Ervín of Schönborn, who died in 1881. His descendants were active here until 1945.
In 1900 there were 122 houses,
866 inhabitants and a brewery here, in Háje was extracted a painter´s clay. The large estate was after the land reform bought off as a state confiscated property, then there was after nationalization a mental hospital here in the years 1955 - 1962 . Since 1991 the chateau has been held by the village and though it´s under an overall redevelopment, Haydn´s festival takes place here every year. According to last figures there are 168 houses and 457 inhabitants in Dolní Lukavice. There is a local authority, parish, school, post office, pub, a few shops, a cooperative farm here. A large village square´s dominant is a church, on the south side then a chateau area, a built-up area consists of so far characteristic by classicist estates making up thus, especially along the street to Horní Lukavice a nice-looking complex. New houses are by most built at the outskirts, especially in direction to Přeštice in front of the the farm yard.
The chateau is a baroque building, made in two stages by an architect Jakub Auguston Jr. central part finished in 1708 and side wings finished after 1724. The central part of the chateau with a dome-shaped roof includes on the ground floor a passable vaulted hall, a central main porch. On the floor there is situated a main hall, together with adjoining rooms, a best preserved chateau space. The St.-John of Nepomuk chapel in the north wing, trimmed up
with a fresco by František Julius Lux, was consecrated in 1730. An altar with statues by Lazar Widmann is of great value. The vast chateau park in the French style was grounded by Jan Ferdinand Schor and former rich sculpture decoration was made by Ondřej Filip Quintainer, today´s form originates from the natural landscape painting layout implemented in the 19
th
century.
In front of the chateau in direction of the village square there is a complex of
a farm yard and a brewery with the buildings of the baroque origin, adapted at the time of building of chateau. The second farm yard was pitched at the outskirts of the village by the road to Přeštice. On the opposite north outskirts there is situated a large contribution baroque granary.
There is St. Peter and Paul´s church in the centre of the village. The church has got gothic origin, as to the presbytery and a peripheral aisle masonry. The church was a parisch church as early as in 14
th century, curacy then set up in 1407 by Jan of Lukavice to the the Thousand Martyrs Alter. In 1691 the parish was endowed by earl of Morzin again. Thre was established a vicarage those days to the parish, including also a church in Seč, that included parishes in the surroundings of Chudenice ap to Přeštice. The church was rebuilt in an early Baroque style in 1684 and then in 1734, probably by J. Auguston. Here is placed the heart of earl of Morzin and Františka Rajská of Dubnice. Out of undivided fronts projects in the west face a tower with a baroque porch with Tuscan columns bearing a split tympanum. Side porches have also rich baroque profilation. Interieur is flat-ceiling shaped, inserted gallery is supported by stony pillars. There is a small gothic window exposed in the north aisle wall. The vault under the tower is ribbed groyne type gothic one.Trans has a flat vault in the centre, sides cylindrically vaulted, empors are flat-ceiling shaped. Presbytery is cylindrically vaulted with three-sided sectors at the fastener. Sacristy is vaulted, with a flat vault.
Behind the church there is an early classicist storeyed parish from 1800 with an attic roof. Fronts are divided with lisens and a cordon moulding, a rizalit projects over the front.. Schönborn´s coat of arms is placed over a stone portal dated to 1800. Interieur is double-section type, partly with cylindrical vaults. There is a column baroque wayside shrine in front of the church, with inscription on the plinth: "In the year of Our Lord 1741 in an Adama Havránek´s edition in the honour and praise of God is built ".
There are two statues of St. Johann of Nepomuk in the village – high baroque opus from 1714 opposite to no. 82 and folk baroque ones from 1807 on a high plinth by the bridge. At the north border on the hill there is placed a well preseerved old jewish cemetery, dating probably back to the end of the 15
th
century, with the tombs dating from the 18
th
century. There lived a big jewish community in the village from the 17
th
century, which reached its maximum number around 1837, 240 persons represented a quarter of all inhabitants. A synagogue from mid 19
th century had been rebuilt to a living house, today´s no. 93. Behind the cemetery there is situated an old-time timbered small cottage. About
1,5 km far away northwest there is a forested rise with a natural reservation Zlín, protecting a mixed wood with thermophilic flora.
Tomáš Karel
Dolní Lukavice
In 1615 it was Jáchym Loubský of Luby and at Řenče, who annexed the village to his estates and took part in 1618 to 1620 in the Estates Uprising. Though he was imposed a fine of forfeiture of half of his property, he got off fraudulently without any damage, for he had that time managed to persuade the Royal Chamber that debts charged on his property were higher than the fine itself. He owned the villages Horní and Dolní Lukavice, Lišice, Háje, Osek, Libakovice, Plevňov, Knije, Krasavce, a deserted village Lomy, the village Snopoušov and Vodokrty with a yard and part of the village Předenice.
Since 1623 many holders had taken turns at Lukavice until 1651, when by sale of the estate to Oto Jiří of Helverson at Tasňovice and Racovy the above mentioned trick was disclosed and the Royal Chamber ordered to sell all the property to cover all damage. The Emperor Leopold I. gave in 1662 his rights to the estate to earl František Albrecht Harrach, who sold Horní and Dolní Lukavice and Řenč by return to Karel Leopold earl Caretto - Millesimo. This sold villages as early as in 1666 to Pavel earl of Mozin. His son Ferdinand Matěj owned, in addition to Dolní Lukavice,also the dominion Seč, in 1712 extended the heritage by Chlumčany and in 1717 in addition by Letiny. In 1708 Ferdinad Morzin had pulled down an old deserted fort and called for a Pilsen architect Jakub Auguston Jr. to build a representative residence here. This was how a three-wing baroque chateau with a horse-shaped ground plan rose in Dolní Lukavice. In 1730 there was finished St-Johann Nepomuk´s chapel in the east wing, on the vault of which had been made a valuable illusive fresco "apotheosis of St. Johann Nepomuk"by Pilsen´s painter František Julius Lux. The fesco was those days a very progressive work as it respected efforts of the Czechs for canonization. The main altar with figural decoration is the work of Lazar Widmann (also Widemann). Statues of the altar represent two more best known saints – St. Wenceslas and Vojtěch in the size larger than life, and they are also Widermann´s work. On the south side of the chateau spreads out a vast park set up in the first half of the 18 th century, designed by Jan Ferdinand Schor. Unfortunately only fragments from Ondřej Filip Quittaineer´s workshop got preserved from sculptural decoration of the park.
The Morzins were in addition fond of music. Especially Ferdinand and his son Karel Josef František were significant patrons of music composers. They had even their own band with 16 musicians. The most significant of them was undoubtedly Josef Haydn, whose activities as a bandmaster here have for long been litigated. It´s assumed that the period in concern might be dated to the years between 1757 and 1761. He composed here his first symphony, s.c. Lukavická, which is however not precisely dated.
Earl Karel Josef František Morzin sold in 1780 the unified dominion of Lukavice to earl Karel Bedřich of Hatzfeld, whom from it was then in 1794 bought off by earl Hugo Damian ofe Schönborn, who made in 1811 an entail of the dominion (property ensured for the family by inalienability and hereditary succession provision) for third Schönborn line. Dominion consisted that time of three estates, that is to say Dolní Lukavice with 18 villages, Přeštice and Žehrovice withe 3 villages and Příchovice with 6 villages
The last estate holder was Mr.Veverka, - since mid 30ies of the 20 th century to 1945, when dominion fell to the state, according to the decree no.12 issued by the President Benešem. In the time of communism there was a psychiatric and detoxification centre here, later then a medical material stock. Now there is placed part of depository of the Westbohemian museum for the time of its reconstruction.
In addition to already mentioned chateau significant sights of Dolní Lukavice include St.Peter and Paul´s church, which is likely to have been, in Haydn´s as well as nowadays, site of the chateau musical group production. It concerns a small early gothic building from the 2 nd half of the 13 th century, rebuilt in times of the high baroque in 1722, that is to say under Ferdinand Matyáš Morzin. St. Johann Nepomuk statue in front of the church dates back to 1714 and in the north of the village square there is a statue on column Ecce Homo from 1741. Remarkable is also a jewish cemetery set up as early as 15 th century, situated on the way to Lišice. Also a baroque double-wing building with an attic roof with the house no.133 is worth mentioning , former brewery from the 18 th century is concerned.
History:
First records date back to the year 1379. Archeological findings from Halstat times say much for popularity of this valley. Original name is Lišce. In the northeast about 1,5 km far away from the village rose in 1787 a settlement Račany (also Hradčany), having preserved roughly the same number of population. The village Lišice together with the settlement Račany reached population maximum by end of the 20ies last century when about 399 inhabitants were registered here.
At the same time 153 inhabitants have permanent domicile here in 50 houses, there are 5 unoccupied houses and 17 housing units are used for recreation. There are over 70 holiday houses by most on the hill by Úhlava. Many inhabitants have subconsciously accepted a holiday (pioneer) camp, as to its attractive area.
Total cadastral acreage amounts to 413,2965 ha, farmland 317,1706 ha and forest lands 42,10 ha. Cadastral territory no. 629715.
In 2003 23,79 ha land was administratively made over to Chlumčany land register, together with the settlement Račany, having officially been governed since 1961 from Chlumčany.
- sewerage
constructed over the village as a storm sewer drained out into the river Úhlava near to the village. Though recovery programme assumes construction of waste water sewerage attached to STP of the catchment village Dolní Lukavice, in the meantime waste water is drained out through septic tanks into existing sewerage network. With new works this is solved by a sump with complete disposal.
- water main
there is no water main in the village, water main feeder supply from the village Dolní Lukavice, attached to the feeder of the city Přeštice is forseen.
- services
A general store is being provided to supply inhabitants (open on Monday thru Saturday). A missing cultural facility will arise through extension of the general store bought by the village from ZKD Plzeň.
Roads
Basic transportation network structure in the area is made by the road of the 3 rd class running in direction of Dolní Lukavice – Předenice. In addition one local road connecting Lišice and Horní Lukavice. Two field paths go to local forests and the village Hradčany.
Energy
The village is fully supplied with power and gas. Now there are total 21 gas mains pipes here.
Human sources
There live total 153 inhabitants with permanent domicile here, out of whom 17 % in the age under 15 let, 17,5 % 15-30, 24,5% 31-50, 19% 60 and 22 % over 60 years old. Economically active are 47 % and out of them 81 % commute to work out of the village. Right in the village there are 10 job positions, above all in the agricultural company Lukrena s.r.o. In addition there is one private farm here. Small services are provided in a car repair shop, also a furniture store is here.
Waste disposal
The village sorts (plastics, glass, paper and metallic waste) with disposal according to need, municipal waste is disposed every week by Marius Pedersen group s.r.o. residing in Pilsen. Within waste disposal service of the union of villages of district Pilsen-south hazardous waste material is disposed free of charge twice a year.
Transportation
Basic transport service is provided on Monday to Friday by ČSAD Autobusy Plzeň a.s. and regarding citizens´needs it is sufficient in direction to Přeštice as well as to Pilsen. Nearest railway station is in Přeštice with the option to take directions of Plzeň and/or Klatovy.
Early in the 60ies Lišice was incorporated under administration of the centre village Dolní Lukavice, where from it has been governed even nowadays.
Infrastructure:
First historically recorded mention of the Dolní Lukavice dates back to the year 1216, when the estate was held by not better known lord Štěpán, in 1243 - 45 it went over to tenancy of the brothers Bohuchv and Vitl of Lukavice, who belonged to the family of Bohuchval of Hrádek. In 1250 their descendant Štěpán of Lukavice became a holder of the village, and in 1427 also a patron of the local church.
In mid15th century Dolní Lukavice belonged to the house Lukavský of Řeneč and stayed held by them until 1596. First owner of the house was Lvík of Řeneč mentioned in 1444 to 1452 and after his death his son Jan, who became owner of the estate from 1470 till 1474. Then the estate was inherited by his sons Lvík and Markvart, who extended the property in 1502 by the wood Vysoká and the village Horní Lukavice. When they were dividing their possessions in 1505, Lvík won the fort in Dolní Lukavice with a yard, a part of the village with a mill in meadows and a wood Rovně. In 1522 he bequeathed the property to his sons Petr and Václav. By following division Lukavice fell to Václavov and Petr became owner of the yard Vodokrty. In 1596 last owners from the house Lukavský of Řeneč sold Lukavice to Jindřich Chlumčanský of Přestavlky, who had already beforehand been owner of Radkovice nad Skálou thus having extended his possessions considerably, died in 1603.
